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The Horn of Africa is a home to almost 165 million people. Many observers see the four countries that make up the Horn of Africa in addition to the two countries that complete with them the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development, as the next possible front in the war on terrorism.

According to Francois Grignon, director of the Africa program for Brussels-based International Crisis Group thinks "The situation in the Horn of Africa is the most explosive on the continent,"

The situation seems to be escalated after many pirates' attacks on ships on the area led by Somali pirates, including the failed efforts to capture the US flagged Maersk Alabama on April 2009. The U.S. negotiated with pirates for the American captain, the only hostage after the crew overpowered the bandits.

The pirates as a new Somali product after the fall of the Somali dictator Siad Barre think that they can stop great international power by such attacks observers concluded.

Terrorists found basic support from the military religious dictatorial regime of Sudan to encrupt to the Somali area, then follow tracks by linking to some traditional Muslims, and change them to terrorism.

Somalia became a terrorist breeding ground since 1989 when the Sudanese National Islamic Front party (NIF) took over power by a military coup in June that year. Many attacks against American targets began since that date. U.S. embassies in Nairobi, Kenya, and Dar es Salaam, Tanzania were targets of twin bombing by al-Qaeda in 1998. The attacks were obviously emanated from neighbouring Somalia. However, the dictatorial regime of Sudan has the lion share in such conspiracies.

Hijacking spiked off the coast of Somalia last year leaving counterterrorism officials pressed for any evidence that the country's extremist factions, or even al-Qaeda militants operating in East Africa, might be using piracy to fund their violence. However, the complicated clan structure and the Somalia's ungoverned black market, there is no functioning system, have made it difficult to trace the cash transactions.

To check the terror network in the Horn of Africa, the U.S.A. has stationed 1,800 troops in Djibouti, a tiny country with close ties with the west, which lies at the edge of the Horn of Africa in a strategic point wheat the opening of the Red Sea into the Indian Ocean.

Observers regard the Horn of Africa as a notorious for corrupt governments, porous borders, widespread poverty and discontented populations, creating a region for Islamic fundamentalism.

However, U.S.A officials have found no direct links between EAST African pirates and terrorist groups. But piracy is believed to be backed by an international network that runs from the Horn of Africa to as far as North America. It is made up primarily of Somali expatriates who offer funds equipment and information in exchange for a cut of the ransoms, according to researchers, officials and members of the racket. With help from the network, Somali pirates brought in at least $80 million last year.

Ethnic Somalis are the common denominator in the Horn of Africa, and their large presence in neighbouring countries has long been a source of conflict. In the mid-1970s, then Somali President Mohamed Siad Barre advocated expanding the country's borders to unite all Somali-speaking people in Kenya, Ethiopia and Djibouti.

Despite Somalia's disastrous and short-lived invasion of Ethiopia in 1977 and political anarchy since 1992, Somali nationalists and Islamic fundamentalists still advocate this Greater Somalia. An ethnic-Somali insurgency continues in eastern Ethiopia.

Many Somalis were angered when Ethiopia sent troops at the request of Somalia's weak transitional government to oust Islamists who controlled the capital at the end of 2006 and were expanding their influence. The Islamists' ascent was marked by a dramatic decline in piracy. The Ethiopians withdrew in January as part of an intricate UN-mediated peace deal.

Analysts are warning that the increasing brazen piracy and its toll on shipping companies is going to lead to higher prices for commodities headed to the West. In addition, more than 10 percent of the world's petroleum supply is shipped past Somalia and into Gulf of Aden, the shortest route between Asia and Europe.

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